Dynamical rate equation model for femtosecond laser-induced breakdown in dielectrics

Experimental and theoretical studies of laser-induced breakdown in dielectrics provide conflicting conclusions about the possibility to trigger ionization avalanche on sub-picosecond time scale relative importance carrier-impact over field ionization. On one hand, current models based single ionization-rate equations do not account for gradual heating charge carriers which, short laser pulses, might be sufficient start an avalanche. other multiple rate that track kinetics rely several free parameters, which limits physical insight we can gain from them. In this paper, develop a model overcomes these issues by tracking both plasma density carriers' mean kinetic energy as function time, forming set delayed use match damage threshold dielectric materials. particular, show simplified reproduces predictions equations, with limited number parameters determined unambiguously fitting experimental data. A side benefit is its computational efficiency, opening large-scale, three-dimensional modelling transparent media.